Results/Trends Results
ECI results
Analysis · over time

How elections changed

Uttar Pradesh, 1962–2024. 16 general elections tracked.

Turnout
57.05%
↓ 2.13 pts from previous
Median margin
6.15%
↓ 6.55 pts from previous
Effective parties
3.3
↑ 0.18 from previous
NOTA
0.72%
↓ 0.11 pts from previous
Women elected
13.75%
↓ 2.5 pts from previous

[01]Turnout

Weighted votes ÷ electors, election by election
2024 57.05%80 seats
2019 59.18%80 seats
2014 58.35%80 seats
2009 47.55%80 seats
2004 48.16%80 seats
1999 52.79%85 seats
1998 54.74%85 seats
1996 45.64%85 seats
1991 47.19%84 seats
1989 49.0%85 seats
1984 54.68%85 seats
1980 48.81%85 seats
1977 55.25%85 seats
1971 44.84%85 seats
1967 51.7%85 seats
1962 48.85%86 seats

[02]How close the contests were

Median winning margin, election by election
2024 6.15%80 seats
2019 12.7%80 seats
2014 17.8%80 seats
2009 6.7%80 seats
2004 6.25%80 seats
1999 5.53%85 seats
1998 5.18%85 seats
1996 7.81%85 seats
1991 7.53%84 seats
1989 12.19%85 seats
1984 23.73%85 seats
1980 10.45%85 seats
1977 45.07%85 seats
1971 23.92%85 seats
1967 8.28%85 seats
1962 10.4%86 seats

[03]Ballot crowding

Candidates per seat over time
2024 10.6850 candidates
2019 12.2979 candidates
2014 16.11,288 candidates
2009 17.11,368 candidates
2004 14.21,138 candidates
1999 14.21,208 candidates
1998 12.21,037 candidates
1996 38.83,297 candidates
1991 19.11,605 candidates
1989 12.81,087 candidates
1984 14.61,242 candidates
1980 11.81,005 candidates
1977 5.2443 candidates
1971 6.4543 candidates
1967 6.0507 candidates
1962 5.2443 candidates

[04]Party fragmentation

Effective number of parties by vote share
2024 3.36 of 165 won seats
2019 3.15 of 199 won seats
2014 3.64 of 164 won seats
2009 5.16 of 124 won seats
2004 5.09 of 77 won seats
1999 4.88 of 57 won seats
1998 3.86 of 67 won seats
1996 4.78 of 76 won seats
1991 4.86 of 41 won seats
1989 4.08 of 28 won seats
1984 3.02 of 11 won seats
1980 3.75 of 15 won seats
1977 1.91 of 11 won seats
1971 3.56 of 23 won seats
1967 4.89 of 9 won seats
1962 4.79 of 10 won seats

[05]NOTA

None of the above, as a share of votes cast
2024 0.72%6,36,848 votes
2019 0.84%7,25,079 votes
2014 0.73%5,92,211 votes

[06]Deposits lost

Share of candidates polling under a sixth of valid votes
2024 80.0%680 of 850
2019 83.66%819 of 979
2014 84.39%1,087 of 1,288
2009 84.28%1,153 of 1,368
2004 79.7%907 of 1,138
1999 79.72%963 of 1,208
1998 77.82%807 of 1,037
1996 92.87%3,062 of 3,297
1991 86.79%1,393 of 1,605
1989 81.42%885 of 1,087
1984 86.39%1,073 of 1,242
1980 76.42%768 of 1,005
1977 61.4%272 of 443
1971 67.04%364 of 543
1967 58.38%296 of 507
1962 52.82%234 of 443

[07]Women elected

Share of winners who are women
2019 13.75%80 seats
2014 16.25%80 seats
2009 15.0%80 seats
2004 8.75%80 seats
1999 10.59%85 seats
1998 10.59%85 seats
1996 10.59%85 seats
1991 3.57%84 seats
1989 7.06%85 seats
1984 10.59%85 seats
1980 8.24%85 seats
1977 3.53%85 seats
1971 9.41%85 seats
1967 9.41%85 seats
1962 6.98%86 seats

[08]Incumbent re-election rate

Share of sitting members who won again
2019 69.49%41 of 59 re-elected
2014 26.67%16 of 60 re-elected
2009 35.94%23 of 64 re-elected
2004 44.62%29 of 65 re-elected
1999 47.95%35 of 73 re-elected
1998 55.84%43 of 77 re-elected
1996 48.28%28 of 58 re-elected
1991 39.39%26 of 66 re-elected
1989 32.76%19 of 58 re-elected
1984 49.02%25 of 51 re-elected
1980 26.56%17 of 64 re-elected
1977 6.9%4 of 58 re-elected
1971 76.0%38 of 50 re-elected
1967 86.49%32 of 37 re-elected

[09]Computed insights

Arithmetic over the series above, not commentary
  1. Ballots have grown much more crowded: 5.2 candidates a seat in 1962 against 10.6 in 2024.

    5.2 → 10.6 over 16 elections
  2. Women's share of elected members peaked at 16.25% in 2014; in 2019 it was 13.75%.

    peak 16.25% in 2014
  3. In 2019, 69.49% of sitting members who re-stood were re-elected — above the series average of 46.14%.

    69.49 vs avg 46.14 across 14 elections
  4. NOTA peaked at 0.84% in 2019 — 7,25,079 voters chose none of the above.

    highest NOTA share across 3 elections
  5. The highest deposit-loss rate was 92.87% in 1996: 3,062 of 3,297 candidates polled under a sixth of the valid vote.

    peak deposit losses in 1996
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